What are Franking Credits?

With the Coalition's plan to impose a 1.5% levy on the top 3200 companies in Australia to help pay for their six-month paid parental leave proposal, we've had a few questions about franking credits and how the proposal might impact investors and retirees. While the full details are yet to be announced, based on the current rumours, the actual impact on franked dividends would be fairly minimal - much ado about nothing. The following is a back to basics explanation of franking credits for the uninitiated…  What are Franking Credits?